Advanced Placement (AP) European History Practice Exam

Which phenomenon of the Scientific Revolution did Newton's inquiry into alchemy represent?

1. Interconnection between science and mysticism

2. Complete separation of science from traditional beliefs

3. The shift towards empirical evidence

4. The rise of mathematics in scientific thought

The correct answer is: Interconnection between science and mysticism

Newton's inquiry into alchemy exemplifies the interconnection between science and mysticism during the Scientific Revolution. During this period, many scientists, including Newton, were deeply influenced by mystical and esoteric beliefs. Alchemy, which intertwined with early chemical and scientific practices, was not merely a precursor to modern chemistry; it also represented a philosophical and spiritual quest for transformation and understanding of nature. Newton’s interest in alchemy reflected a broader trend where scientific inquiry was often tied to metaphysical questions, showing that the boundaries between emerging scientific methods and older mystical traditions were still quite fluid. This connection illustrates how individuals like Newton sought to reconcile empirical observations with deeper, often mystical, explanations of the natural world, indicating that although the Scientific Revolution advanced rational thought, it did not entirely displace mystical or esoteric frameworks for understanding. The other options highlight different aspects of the Scientific Revolution. While there was indeed a shift towards empirical evidence, Newton’s involvement in alchemy indicates that empirical inquiry was not entirely detached from earlier mystical beliefs. The notion of complete separation of science from traditional beliefs is inaccurate, as many scientists of the time relied on past philosophies. Finally, while the rise of mathematics played a crucial role in scientific thinking, it does not capture the specific relationship