Advanced Placement (AP) European History Practice Exam

How does Müntzer justify his call for princes to rise up against the Catholic Holy Roman Emperor?

1. By proclaiming it is the will of God as demonstrated in scripture

2. By arguing for the economic benefits of rebellion

3. By appealing to the need for political power

4. By suggesting reforms within the church

The correct answer is: By proclaiming it is the will of God as demonstrated in scripture

Müntzer justifies his call for princes to rise up against the Catholic Holy Roman Emperor by proclaiming it to be the will of God as demonstrated in scripture. This approach aligns with his belief in a direct relationship between divine authority and earthly governance. Müntzer interpreted the socio-economic conditions of his time through a theological lens, asserting that rebellion was not only permissible but divinely mandated for true Christians who sought to bring about God's kingdom on Earth. His vision was rooted in a radical understanding of the Gospel, where he believed that true believers were called to challenge corrupt authority and seek justice and liberation for the oppressed. This theological foundation was particularly significant during the Reformation, a time marked by intense religious conflict and dissatisfaction with the established church and secular powers. By framing his message in terms of divine will, Müntzer aimed to mobilize both the spiritual and political dimensions of his audience, appealing to their faith as a catalyst for revolutionary action against what he perceived as tyranny. The other options do not capture the essence of Müntzer’s rationale as accurately. His motivations were not primarily about economic benefits, political power, or church reforms, but rather his conviction that divine authority backed the uprising against the emperor’s rule. This distinguishes his message within